A12 Airplane - In our review of the 10 fastest planes in the world - we took these two amazing planes together and went for the more popular of them, the Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird. It's basically a household name, and you'd have to look for a while to find an American man who doesn't know about the amazing history of aviation - which reflects the glory of US dominance in the skies during the Cold War.
Since this article was published, we have heard a lot about the A-12 being forgotten. So we decided to write a blog post about A-12 and SR-71. Lockheed designer Clarence Leonard "Kelly" Johnson was responsible for these amazing aircraft. He was the first team leader at the famous Lockheed Skunk Works.
A12 Airplane
One of the main differences is that the Lockheed A-12 Oxcart was originally a reconnaissance aircraft operated by the CIA. It was active only from 1967 to 1968 - the first flight was in 1962. The program was kept secret until the 90s.
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The A-12 was developed into several different aircraft - the most famous of course being the Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird. Unlike the A-12 Oxcart, the SR-71 Blackbird was operated by the US Air Force, not the CIA.
The A-12 was developed not only as the SR-71, but also as the interceptor YF-12. It was built in 3 units. The YV-12 was the largest manned interceptor ever built and held both speed and altitude records. The top speed was Mach 3.35 (2, 275 mph or 3661 km/h). In 1955, the Central Intelligence Agency and the US. The Air Force and defense contractor Lockheed Martin chose an ultra-remote site 80 miles away in the Mojave Desert in northern Nevada. Las Vegas begins to test and develop the newest and most advanced aircraft in the world at the time.
For decades, the Nevada Test and Training Range, known as Area 51, did not appear on a public map, and the US government never acknowledged its existence. Thanks to the iron-clad security around the site and the experimental nature of the "black plane" tested there, rumors of UFOs, alien hostages, and other mysterious activity have swirled around Area 51 since the 50s.
But while no alien UFOs have ever taken to the skies over the salt flats known as Groom Lake, we now know—thanks in large part to declassified CIA documents—that many highly complex and unusual aircraft were developed and tested there. . From the Cold War-era U-2 spy plane to the purely experimental
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In the early 1950s, at the height of the Cold War, the CIA began a covert effort to develop a reconnaissance aircraft that could (it thought) fly at an altitude of 70,000 feet to avoid detection by Soviet radar. The result, codenamed Project Aquaton, was the U-2, a single-engine aircraft with glider-like wings designed by Clarence "Kelly" Johnson, founder of Lockheed Martin's Advanced Development Projects Division (known as Skunk Works). . Lockheed built the plane in just eight months at its Skunk Works headquarters in Burbank, California, then sent it for testing at Area 51, nicknamed "Paradise Ranch" by Johnson.
Before the U-2 was ready to fly, Lockheed engineers had to find a non-volatile fuel at the high altitudes where the plane was designed to fly. To meet this challenge, the Shell Oil Company developed a special low-volatility kerosene fuel using petroleum by-products commonly used in its "flit" fly and bug spray. Furthermore, the technology behind the pressure suits, designed to keep U-2 pilots alive at such high altitudes, would later play an important role in the human space program.
The U-2 (coincidentally) made its first test flight over Groom Lake on August 1, 1955, the first flight over the Soviet Union in less than a year, and "immediately became the Soviet Union's most important source of intelligence." According to a just revealed CIA report. However, there was a cost: in 1956, three CIA pilots were killed during U-2 test flights, including two at Area 51 and an air force base in Germany. In May 1960, the Soviet Union shot down a U-2 over the Russian city of Sverdlovsk, capturing its pilot Francis Gary Powers and forcing the United States to admit to espionage. When President Eisenhower stopped all U-2 flights over the Soviet Union, plans for a smaller, faster and stealthier aircraft had already begun.
Launched in 1957, Project Oxcart produced two of the United States' fastest and highest-flying aircraft, the single-seat Archangel-12 and the two-seat SR-71 Blackbird. The A-12 had two jet engines, a long fuselage and a distinctive cobra-like shape.
Lockheed A 12 Oxcart (cygnus)
The first completed A-12 arrived at Area 51 in February 1962, was dismantled in Burbank, and shipped to Nevada on a specially designed trailer that cost around $100,000 (more than $830,000 today). In order to keep the existence of the A-12 a secret, the CIA informed the head of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and ensured that air traffic controllers were told to submit written reports of unusually fast and high-flying aircraft instead of such sightings to refer to. With the radio. However, reports of UFO sightings around Area 51 would reach new heights in the mid-1960s, starting shortly after the A-12 made its first official flight over the area, writes Annie Jacobsen in Area 51: 51 in April 1962.
Declared fully operational in 1965, after reaching a sustained speed of Mach 3.2 (just 2,200 m.p.h.) at 90,000 feet, the A-12 began flying missions over Vietnam and North Korea in 1967. The following year, it was retired in favor of the Air Force's successor, the SR-71 Blackbird.
A US fighter jet known as the "Blackbird" was shot down during a test flight over Beale Air Force Base in California. The Air Force SR-71A is put through its paces. The aircraft is Lockheed's strategic surveillance aircraft and is the fastest and highest flying operational aircraft in the world.
Longer and heavier than the A-12, the SR-71 paired supersonic speed with a low radar profile, thanks to its sleek design and black radar-absorbing paint. On July 28, 1976, pilots flew the SR-71 at a record speed of Mach 3.3 or 2, 193 mph. At 400 feet per second, it was literally faster than a speeding rifle bullet. Retired in 1990 after more than three decades of service, the SR-71 remains the fastest aircraft in the world.
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In addition to testing new aircraft technologies, Area 51 was also used to study foreign warplanes that the US government had secretly acquired during the Cold War. In the late 1960s, the Air Force received a "Fishbed-E," a Soviet MiG-21 jet fighter loaned to the United States after an Iraqi pilot used it to defect to Israel, according to now-declassified CIA documents. Under a program code named Have Donut, Area 51 personnel tested and modified the Mach-2 fighter to learn how it would perform and use it with selected US forces. And to compare with fighter jets.
Over 40 days in 1968, US pilots flew the MiG on 102 test flights, logging 77 hours of total flight time. They found that while the Soviet aircraft was slower than American aircraft such as the F-5 and F-105, it had a tighter turning radius than either of them; The discovery led analysts to warn US pilots to avoid "prolonged maneuver engagement" or dogfighting.
Area 51's top-secret MiG program paid dividends in the skies over Vietnam, where United States Air Force pilots shot down a total of 137 Soviet-made MiGs with a two-to-one overall kill-to-loss ratio by the end of the battle. It would also lead to the creation of the now famous Top Gun Fighter Pilot School, which was founded in 1969.
In the 1970s, Area 51 developed the nation's first stealth bomber, the F-117 Nighthawk, designed by Lockheed's Skunk Works and codenamed Have Blue. With a faceted, diamond-like surface designed to reflect and intercept radar beams, the boomerang-shaped UFOs that captured the public imagination in the 1940s could almost be mistaken for an F-117.
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Although the futuristic, alien-looking aircraft first flew over Area 51 in June 1981, it was not publicly unveiled until late 1988, spending seven years as one of the Pentagon's most prized black projects. After bombing high-value targets throughout Baghdad to open Operation Desert Storm in early 1991, the F-117 served US forces in Afghanistan and again in Iraq before being retired in 2008. And yet an unknown number is still flying.
In the 1990s, Boeing developed its own top-secret aircraft, the Bird of Prey, in a project run by the Air Force at Area 51. A research and development aircraft that was never intended for production, the Hawk-like YF-118G was named for its resemblance to the battlecruiser used by the Klingons in the 1984 film.
Its purpose was to test different aircraft techniques and ways to detect aircraft that are invisible to the eye and with radar.
The raptor first flew from Area 51 in 1996; It made 38 flights before the program ended in 1999.
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